Anxiety Disorders In Seniors: Expert Shares Causes and Treatment Options

As we age, life often brings new challenges that can feel overwhelming, leading to anxiety. For seniors, these feelings can be particularly intense, as they face major changes like retirement, loss of loved ones, and shifts in their daily roles. This anxiety can manifest itself in various forms, which are generalised anxiety disorder, panic attacks, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. To truly help them, it’s important to understand what’s behind these feelings and to find the right ways to support and treat them. We spoke to our expert Dr Madhumitha, Internal Medicine, Apollo Spectra Hospital, Chennai, who explained the causes of anxiety disorders in seniors and their treatment options.

According to a study published in Frontiers in Psychiatry, anxiety, the sixth leading cause of disability globally, is a psychological condition associated with pain and mental discomfort. Research indicates that between 15-52% of older adults suffer from anxiety, with over 27% experiencing symptoms that significantly impact their mental well-being.

• Health Problems: Chronic illnesses, such as heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory problems which most senior citizens go through, often contribute to ongoing stress and anxiety. Pain and discomfort from conditions, such as arthritis also contribute to anxiety levels.
• Medication Side Effects: Some medications commonly prescribed to seniors, like those for high blood pressure or asthma, can have side effects that include anxiety. Drug interactions and changes in medication regimens can also trigger anxiety symptoms.
• Cognitive Decline: Conditions, such as memory loss and cognitive impairment, including dementia, often come with symptoms of anxiety. The fear of losing cognitive abilities and the frustration of memory loss can exacerbate anxiety disorders
• Life Changes: Retirement, loss of loved ones, and changes in living situations can lead to feelings of uncertainty, anxiety and trauma.
• Social Isolation: Reduced social interactions experienced by senior citizens and feelings of loneliness can significantly impact mental health, increasing anxiety levels.

Treatment Options For Anxiety In Old Age

Therapy

“Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is effective in helping seniors manage anxiety by changing negative thought patterns. The therapy is typically structured, with a set number of sessions focused on specific goals, but it can be tailored to the individual’s pace and needs,” said Dr Madhumitha. CBT works by helping them recognise these thoughts, understand the unrealistic or exaggerated nature of their worries, and gradually replace them with more balanced, realistic perspectives.

Medication

Antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications may be prescribed, but it’s essential to monitor for side effects and interactions with other medications. It’s important to note that seniors often take multiple medications for various health conditions, which increases the risk of drug interactions. Therefore, healthcare providers must carefully consider each individual’s overall health and existing medication regimen when prescribing anxiety medication.

Also Read: Mental Health Matters: Expert Shares Tips To Cope With Existential Anxiety

Lifestyle Changes

“Simple but impactful changes in daily habits can greatly reduce anxiety. Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy diet, and ensuring good sleep hygiene all play a significant role in managing anxiety symptoms,” added Dr Madhumitha. These lifestyle adjustments not only help alleviate anxiety but also contribute to overall physical and mental well-being.

Social Support

• Encouraging social interaction through community activities, support groups, or regular visits from family and friends can alleviate feelings of isolation and anxiety.
• Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Activities, such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises can effectively manage stress and anxiety

Bottomline

Dr Madhumitha concluded, “Recognising anxiety in seniors calls for compassionate care that goes beyond symptom management. By addressing the emotional challenges of ageing, such as loneliness and loss, and fostering environments where seniors feel connected and valued, we can help them find renewed purpose and peace. This approach not only improves mental health but honours their full life experiences.”

[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your own professional if you are dealing with any health issues to avoid complications.]